How to Prove Fault in States Without Dog Bite Laws

In states that do not have strict liability "dog bite laws," to recover damages from the animal's owner an injured person usually must show that the owner knew, or had reason to know, that the animal was predisposed to bite or attack. This is also known as an animal having "vicious propensities."

Formerly, the common law "one bite rule" required that a plaintiff show that the dog had bitten somebody before, which meant that the owner had notice that the animal was dangerous. In most states, the common law rule has been modified, and there are multiple ways to show that the owner was aware of the danger their animal posed.

The following describes some of the more common factors that can be used to demonstrate an owner knew or should have known of an animal's violent propensities.

Breed and Size of Animal

Generally, the larger the animal, the greater the chance that the animal can cause serious injury. The species and breed of an animal may also be relevant if you can prove that, as a general rule, that breed has a propensity for viciousness (such as a pit bull or Rottweiler).

Purpose for Which the Animal Is Kept

If an animal is kept for protection and is trained to attack unknown people, it can be inferred that its owner knew or should have known it might attack someone.

Frequent Snapping and Biting

A history of aggressive behavior can be used to demonstrate that the owner had knowledge of the animal's vicious propensities. This is particularly true if the animal has already bitten somebody in the past.

Complaints Brought to Owner's Attention

If people previously complained to the owner, and the owner did nothing to prevent future attacks, this can be used as evidence that the owner knew the animal could be dangerous.

Fighting with Other Animals

Even if an animal had not attacked a human before, if it had fought with other animals, this may be useful in proving its vicious nature.

Frequent Confinement of the Animal

If the owner keeps the animal locked in a cage, or on a tight leash or chain, this may indicate the owner's awareness that the animal might be dangerous.

Occasional Muzzling of the Animal

Particularly with respect to dogs, if an owner muzzles an animal on walks or at times when people are near the animal, this can be evidence that the owner is aware of the animal's dangerous nature.

Warning Sign On Owner's Premises

If an animal owner puts up warning signs (such as "Beware of Dog"), an injured person can use this fact to establish the owner's knowledge of the animal's viciousness.

Statements by Owner as to Animal's Character

Any statements made by the animal's owner concerning past bites, fights, or aggressive behavior are relevant to the owner's knowledge regarding the likelihood of future attacks.

Owner's Warnings to Strangers About Animal

Verbal warnings to others potentially show that an owner is worried that the animal might cause harm to others.

Need Help Proving Fault for a Dog Bite? Contact an Injury Law Attorney

In preparing to meet with an attorney regarding an animal bite or attack, read up on your state's dog bite laws, consider all of the above factors, and speak to people in the community where the animal lives to learn more about the animal's past. These steps might help to strengthen your case significantly even if your state lacks strict liability dog bite laws.

If you have been bitten by a dog you'll want to know more about how to get compensated for your injuries. Aside from medical bills and possible long-term disabilities, serious dog bites can keep you out of work and have other negative impacts on your life. Learn about your legal options today by contacting an injury law attorney near you.